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Bacterial pathogen isolation and percentage of antimicrobial resistance, out-patient setting, 2019

Bacterial pathogen isolation and percentage of antimicrobial resistance, out-patient setting, 2019

The presented figures refer to specimens received during the designated month.

Nasal swab specimens
Organism Drugs Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Staphylococcus aureus






Penicillin 0% 0% 100% 50% - - 100% 100% 100% 100% - 0%
Oxacillin
[MRSA]
0% 0% 0% 0% - - 0% 0% 0% 0% - 0%
Clindamycin 0% 0% 0% 0% - - 0% 0% 0% 0% - 0%
Erythromycin 0% 0% 0% 0% - - 0% 0% 0% 0% - 0%
Gentamicin 0% 0% 0% 0% - - 0% 0% 100% 0% - 100%
No. of isolates 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1

 

Throat swab specimens
Organism Drugs Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Beta-haemolytic streptococcus of Lancefield Group A, C & G Penicillin 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% - 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Erythromycin 50% 0% 33% 0% 67% - 40% 100% 0% 17% 0% 75%
No. of isolates 2 2 9 2 3 0 5 3 1 6 4 4

 

Sputum specimens
Organism Drugs /
Resistance phenotype
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Streptococcus pneumoniae Penicillin 0% 47% 0% 25% 6% 43% 9% 38% 0% 25% 42% 25%
Erythromycin 56% 80% 60% 75% 88% 71% 91% 88% 80% 58% 67% 100%
Levofloxacin 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
No. of isolates 9 15 5 8 17 7 11 8 5 12 12 4
Haemophilus influenzae Ampicillin 48% 53% 45% 49% 54% 49% 53% 55% 57% 45% 45% 54%
Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 11% 13% 9% 15% 13% 16% 17% 23% 14% 16% 18% 19%
No. of isolates 122 136 224 200 205 138 133 98 77 62 65 63
Moraxella catarrhalis BL+ 98% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
No. of isolates 113 63 60 55 56 42 43 28 18 64 123 184

 

Urine specimens
Organism Drugs /
Resistance phenotype
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Escherichia coli Ampicillin 69% 68% 67% 69% 68% 67% 69% 67% 67% 67% 68% 66%
Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 6% 6% 5% 8% 6% 7% 7% 5% 5% 7% 6% 7%
Nalidixic acid 73% 70% 71% 73% 75% 71% 71% 76% 73% 71% 69% 72%
Nitrofurantoin 1% 1% 2% 2% 1% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 2%
Co-trimoxazole 32% 35% 35% 36% 36% 30% 39% 34% 33% 34% 38% 32%
Levofloxacin# 33% 28% 32% 38% 37% 37% 34% 40% 34% 37% 35% 34%
ESBL+ 18% 18% 18% 19% 18% 17% 18% 22% 17% 18% 21% 16%
No. of isolates 488 464 548 469 538 527 613 615 593 596 494 485
Klebsiella pneumoniae complex^ Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 12% 12% 5% 7% 13% 4% 9% 6% 6% 11% 3% 10%
Nalidixic acid 17% 20% 19% 21% 19% 12% 21% 19% 19% 26% 17% 20%
Nitrofurantoin 13% 12% 15% 26% 19% 21% 18% 33% 24% 17% 18% 25%
Co-trimoxazole 17% 11% 11% 14% 15% 9% 21% 22% 19% 22% 18% 20%
Levofloxacin# 3% 8% 3% 12% 5% 6% 11% 13% 11% 17% 10% 13%
ESBL+ 8% 3% 13% 12% 6% 6% 7% 9% 13% 15% 4% 9%
No. of isolates 100 65 88 76 94 90 117 110 118 121 77 93
Proteus mirabilis^^ Ampicillin 47% 33% 34% 46% 56% 45% 38% 36% 37% 49% 42% 47%
Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 16% 13% 2% 13% 13% 10% 8% 17% 12% 9% 7% 18%
Nalidixic acid 68% 27% 28% 33% 44% 40% 30% 28% 34% 47% 33% 44%
Co-trimoxazole 47% 37% 36% 46% 60% 58% 33% 38% 31% 44% 38% 55%
Levofloxacin# 19% 15% 13% 27% 24% 23% 23% 12% 15% 25% 20% 31%
No. of isolates 73 52 53 48 55 62 66 78 65 68 45 55

 

Enteric specimens
Organism Drugs Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Campylobacter spp. Erythromycin 33% - 60% 100% 50% 0% 20% 40% 0% 0% 33% 0%
No. of isolates 3 0 5 1 2 1 5 5 1 1 3 1
Salmonella spp. Ampicillin 33% 67% 33% 88% 63% 100% 78% 73% 100% 80% 0% 50%
Co-trimoxazole 0% 0% 33% 13% 13% 17% 33% 18% 40% 40% 0% 0%
Ciprofloxacin 0% 0% 33% 25% 13% 0% 0% 9% 20% 0% 0% 50%
No. of isolates 3 3 3 8 8 6 9 11 5 5 1 2
Shigella spp. Ampicillin - 100% - - - - 100% - 0% - - -
Ciprofloxacin# - 50% - - - - 0% - 100% - - -
No. of isolates 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
Vibrio spp. Tetracycline 0% 0% 0% 0% 20% 13% 0% 17% 0% 0% - 50%
No. of isolates 3 2 1 5 5 8 5 6 14 7 0 2

 

Soft tissue specimens
Organism Drugs Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Staphylococcus aureus Oxacillin
[MRSA]
39% 24% 23% 31% 33% 30% 25% 30% 22% 33% 28% 35%
No. of isolates 75 58 78 52 69 61 79 87 69 73 74 52

 

Abbreviations:
MRSA = methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
BL+ = beta-lactamse positive
ESBL+ = extended-spectrum beta-lactamase positive

Klebsiella pneumoniae complex is 100% resistant to ampicillin.
^^Proteus mirabilis is 100% resistant to nitrofurantoin.
#Updated breakpoint according to CLSI document M100 29th edition was implemented from April 2019 onwards.