3.4     Additional advice for lavatory / area used for cohorting patients

• Must be installed with exhaust fans or have a separate ventilation system;
• Ensure air movement from a clean-air location towards lavatory or area for cohorting patients, then outwards to outdoor non-sensitive area (e.g. away from other ventilation inlet) (Fig 5); and
• It is not recommended to operate circulating fan within this area under normal functional situation, in order to prevent the spread of pathogens due to air mixing induced by the circulating fan. 

3.5     Other advice

• Adequate spacing between beds where possible;
• Overcrowding or insufficient ventilation may be reflected by high level of indoor carbon dioxide (>0.1%). If so, appropriate measures must be taken, such as
  • Increase ventilation rates by additional exhaust fan coupled with natural ventilation;
  • Limit the number of occupants;

• Adhere to operating procedures and safety precautions stated in user manuals when using ventilation systems or related appliances (exhaust fans, fresh air supply fan, air conditioners, circulating fans, heaters, air cleaners, etc); and
• Prohibition of smoking in the premises.